Landscape Irrigation Design Manual

Step one: Understanding basic hydraulics
Hydraulics is defined as the study of fluid behavior, at rest and in motion. Properly designed piping, with sound hydraulics, can greatly reduce maintenance problems over the life of an irrigation system. Controlling the water flow velocity, holding velocity within proper limits, reduces wear on the system components and lengthens service life. Poor hydraulic design results in poor performance of the irrigation system, leading to stressed landscaping material, or even broken pipes and flood damage. Lack of design know-how can also cost the system owner more money because the designer may over-design the system to avoid unknown factors. In addition to wasting money, a poor hydraulic design will often waste water. Hydraulic analysis is important to minimize financial risks, produce efficient designs and eliminate waste.

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Step two: Obtaining site information
To ensure the complete and proper design of an irrigation system, follow this eight-step procedure. The steps in this procedure must be taken in this order to reduce the chances of overlooking important factors in the process.

The steps are:

1. Obtaining site information
2. Determining the irrigation requirement
3. Determining water and power supply
4. Selecting sprinklers and other equipment
5. Lateral layout (or “circuiting” sprinklers), locating valves and main lines
6. Sizing pipe and valves and calculating total system pressure loss
7. Locating controllers and sizing wire
8. Preparing the final irrigation plan

Obtaining site information is a very important step in the design procedure. Complete and accurate field information is essential for designing an efficient underground sprinkler system. Without an accurate site plan of the field conditions, there is little hope for an accurate irrigation plan.

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