Abstract
Scala fuses object-oriented and functional programming in a statically typed programming language. It is aimed at the construction of components and component systems. This paper gives an overview of the Scala language for readers who are familar with programming methods and programming language design.

Introduction
True component systems have been an elusive goal of the software industry. Ideally, software should be assembled from libraries of pre-written components, just as hardware is assembled from pre-fabricated chips. In reality, large parts of software applications are written from scratch, so that software production is still more a craft than an industry.

Components in this sense are simply software parts which are used in some way by larger parts or whole applications. Components can take many forms; they can be modules, classes, libraries, frameworks, processes, or web services. Their size might range from a couple of lines to hundreds of thousands of lines. They might be linked with other components by a variety of mechanisms, such as aggregation, parameterization, inheritance, remote invocation, or message
passing.

What is Soil Moisture Measurement and Control?

Before we talk about specifics, let us take a step back and look at the living system in which we will be working.

The Soil, Water, Plant System

Evapotranspiration moves water out of the system and rain or irrigation replaces it. The soil provides storage for the water. Typically, the plant removes water according to the chart below.

Water is pulled by the roots into the plant. The soil is attracting the water as well. This competition between the plant and soil for the water creates tension. As the water is depleted by the plant, it first takes the water that is most easily released and continues to take water that is more and more tightly held by the soil. This tension can be measured by soil moisture measurement instruments. The higher the tension created, the harder it is for the plant to extract water from the soil. Eventually there will be no more “available water” for the plant. Most landscape plants suffer from just the opposite, no oxygen in the soil because of too much water.

GUIDING PRINCIPALS OF NATURAL LANDSCAPING

Environmental Protection and Enhancement: The Village has already incorporated several environmental protection and enhancement features into design guidelines. Greenways and pocket parks, boulevards, and nature preserves are examples of how the Village is creating environmentally friendly development. Having naturally landscaped areas will further complement these design elements, while enhancing and preserving the area’s historical origin.

Energy Conservation: Studies indicate that areas that are naturally landscaped, especially retention ponds, use significantly lower amounts of energy for storm water management and flood control than traditional, manicured landscaping does.

High-quality Construction and Aesthetic Design: Other communities have received national attention for their beauty and design that combines town and landscape planning. While staff does not see the Village reaching the intensity of some of these towns, there are opportunities to incorporate and encourage natural landscaping in both existing and future developments.

Packet Capture
In this article, we shall cover the basic working of a sniffer, to capture packets for analyzing the traffic. If an analyst does not have working skills of a packet sniffer to a certain level, it is really hard to defend intrusions. This article would help the analyst to prepare to the level of what is required for basic packet collection and basic analysis, but not everything about sniffers. An in depth article on sniffer’s using packet crafting and packet capture will be coming soon. In this document we are using Wireshark Version 0.99.5 (SVN Rev 20677).

What you will learn…

• Introduction to Sniffer
• Capturing Traffic
• Wireshark basics: The different panes

Buying a vehicle is a big decision and a major expense. Buying a used vehicle can be a good value for the money, but it can also be a gamble. Going shopping armed with information on what to look for can boost the odds that you will get the value you want in your purchase. Whether you buy from a private party or a dealer, the most important thing you can do is inspect the vehicle completely.

Know what you are buying

• Do some research into car prices and performance.
• Go for a test drive.
• If you are a probationary licence holder, remember that there are restrictions on the types of cars you can drive. For more information visit www.vicroads.vic.gov.au or phone VicRoads on 13 11 71.
• Check the calendar year in which the vehicle was built as this may affect its resale value. This date should be stamped on the car’s “build plate”, which is affixed to a car when it is assembled and can often be found on the bulkhead between the engine and passenger compartments.
• If you are buying a second-hand car, have an RACV or a VACC member or another qualified mechanic carry out a mechanical inspection. Telephone RACV on (03) 9790 2190 or the VACC on (03) 9829 1111.

Know what you are paying