Guidelines for School Programs To Prevent Skin Cancer
Introduction
Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer in the United States (1). Since 1973, the number of new cases of melanoma, the skin cancer with the highest risk for mortality and one of the most common cancers among young adults, has increased. The incidence of melanoma has increased 150%, and melanoma mortality rates have increased by 44% (1). Because a substantial percentage of lifetime sun exposure occurs before age 20 years (2,3) and because ultraviolet (UV) radiation exposure during childhood and adolescence plays an important role in the development of skin cancer (2,4), preventive behaviors can yield the most positive effects, if they are initiated early and established as healthy and consistent patterns throughout life. Children spend several hours at school on most weekdays, and some of that time is spent in outdoor activities. Schools, therefore, are in a position to teach and model healthy behaviors, and they can use health education activities involving families to encourage sun-safe behaviors at home. Thus, schools can play a vital role in preventing skin cancer.