In most fiber optic systems, optical fiber and waveguides are coupled to and from bulk optical devices, creating hybrid optical devices. In this tutorial article, the authors explain in detail how to successfully collimate, focus, and align hybrid optics, including polarizing and polarization maintaining optics.

Glossary
Mode field diameter (MFD): A measure of the intensity profile of light traveling within a fiber. In Gaussian optics, this diameter is measured at the point where the light intensity drops to 13.5% (1/e2) of the peak intensity. In single-mode fibers, it is typically about 15% larger than the actual core size.

Numerical Aperture (NA): A measure of the maximum angle at which a given optical system can receive light. If a system can receive light within a cone having a half angle q, then the NA of that system is equal to sin q.

Abstract

Bounded quantification was introduced by Cardelli and Wegner as a means of typing functions that operate uniformly over all subtypes of a given type. They defined a simple “object” model and used bounded quantification to type-check functions that make sense on all objects having a specified set of “attributes.” A more realistic presentation of object-oriented languages would allow objects that are elements of recursively-defined types. In this context, bounded quantification no longer serves its intended purpose. It is easy to find functions that makes sense on all objects having a specified set of methods, but which cannot be typed in the Cardelli-Wegner system. To provide a basis for typed polymorphic functions in object-oriented languages, we introduce F-bounded quantification. Some applications of F-bounded quantification are presented and semantic issues are discussed. Although our original motivation was to type polymorphic functions over objects, F-bounded quantification is a general form of polymorphism that seems useful whenever recursive type definitions and subtyping are used.

Section 1: Setting Up Your Smart Device and Your Computer guides you through the process of setting up your new Palm Centro™ Smart Device, your Sprint service, and your computer.

Section 2: Getting To Know Your Palm Centro™ Smart Device shows you the basics of your device and service with quick, easy-to-follow instructions. This section also describes the features of your device’s phone and shows you how to use Sprint service features such as voicemail, call waiting, and call forwarding.

Section 3: Using Sprint Power Vision and OtherWireless Connections shows you how to use Sprint Power Vision features, including Web browsing, messaging, and email. It also describes other types of wireless connections, such as Bluetooth® wireless technology.

Section 4: Your Portable Media Device shows you how to use your device’s camera—including how to use the Sprint Picture MailSM application—and how to transfer and listen to music files on your device.

Building Scalable Storage Grids

Sun Oracle Exadata Storage Servers can be installed in to a standard 19-inch rack and are connected to database servers via InfiniBand. Exadata Storage Servers have dual 40 Gigabit InfiniBand links that provide connectivity many times faster than traditional storage or server networks. Further, Oracle’s interconnect protocol uses direct data placement to ensure very low CPU overhead by directly moving data from the wire to database buffers with no extra data copies.
Exadata Storage Servers are architected to scale-out easily. To achieve higher performance and greater storage capacity, additional Exadata Storage Servers are added to the configuration. This, combined with faster InfiniBand interconnect, Exadata Smart Flash Cache and the reduction of data transferred due to offload processing, yields very large performance improvements. A 10x improvement in query performance compared to traditional database storage architectures is common, with much greater improvement possible.

Change your ring tone, notifiers, or reminders

1. On the Home screen, click the Sound and Alert Profiles icon.
2. Click Change Sounds > Sounds for Selected Profile > Ring Tone.
   • Click a tone.
   • To use a tone that is on your BlackBerry® device or on a media card, click Select Music. Find and click an audio file.
3. Press the key > Save.

Set up an email address

1. On the Home screen, click the Setup icon.
2. In the Setup section, click the Email Accounts icon.
3. Follow the screens to set up your email address. When your email address is set up correctly, you receive a confirmation message. To view and manage your email messages, on the Home screen, click the Messages icon.

Note: In some cases, you might see the following options. If so, select one of the options.

Overview of Haitian Ministries Programs in Haiti

As the Haitian proverb tells us “Men anpil, chay pa lou”, meaning many hands lighten the load, we are working hand-in-hand to empower and support the struggle of the Haitian people as they work to address the social and economic problems in their communities. In our mission of “Helping Haitians help Haitians” we currently support Haitian organizations working to assist those most in need. We are supporting orphanages, a neighborhood meal program, and a medical clinic. We also help individuals to improve their ability to support themselves through a scholarship program and a small business loan program.

While in Haiti, you will get the chance to visit many of the projects we have been involved with over the years and to meet our Haitian partners. Detailed project and program information is available through the Office of Haitian Ministries. The following is a very brief overview of some of the projects: